Italy’s 1928 stamp issue commemorates two significant events in Italian history: the 400th birth anniversary of Emmanuele Filiberto, Duke of Savoy, and the 10th anniversary of Italy’s victory in World War I. These stamps, celebrated for their artistic and historical significance, serve as a remarkable testament to Italy’s rich heritage. This article delves into the details of the issue and the historical figures depicted.
Historical Context
Emmanuele Filiberto: The “Iron Duke”
Emmanuele Filiberto of Savoy (1528–1580) played a pivotal role in restoring the Duchy of Savoy to prominence during the 16th century. Born in Chambéry, he ascended to the dukedom in 1553 amidst the tumult of the Italian Wars. Known as the “Iron Duke,” Filiberto distinguished himself as a brilliant military leader:
- Battle of St. Quentin (1557): As a commander of the Spanish army, he defeated the French, securing his legacy as one of the era’s foremost military tacticians.
- Restoration of Savoy: The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559) enabled him to regain his territories, including Turin, which became the new capital of Savoy.
Filiberto’s efforts to centralize power and reform governance laid the groundwork for the eventual unification of Italy centuries later.
The Significance of World War I
The 1928 issue also commemorates the 10th anniversary of Italy’s victory in World War I. Italy joined the Allies in 1915 and achieved significant victories, notably at the Battle of Vittorio Veneto (1918), which marked the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This triumph symbolized Italy’s emergence as a unified and modern nation-state.
Design and Production
Overview of the Stamps
Designed by G. da Milano and F. Serracchiani, these stamps stand out for their intricate artistry and historical symbolism. Produced using typo printing, the issue features a total of 14 denominations, each highlighting a unique aspect of Italian history:
| Number | Denomination | Colors | Key Features | Designer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 93 | 20c | Blue and lake-brown | Emmanuele Filiberto | G. da Milano |
| 94 | 25c | Deep bluish-green and scarlet | Soldier and Victory | F. Serracchiani |
| 95 | 1.25L | Black and rose | Statue of Emmanuele Filiberto (Marochetti) | G. da Milano |
| 96 | 5L | Deep bluish-green and deep mauve | Victory and Allegory | G. da Milano |
| 97 | 20L | Black and bright mauve | Victory and Shield | F. Serracchiani |
Production Details
- Perforations: These stamps are perforated 13½ (Nos. 227–234) or 14 (Nos. 235–236).
- Printing Technique: Typographic printing was employed, reflecting the precision and aesthetic quality typical of Italian philately.
- Issue Date: Released in 1928, the stamps coincide with the Turin International Philatelic Exhibition, an event that celebrated Italy’s cultural and philatelic achievements.
Notable Variants and Rarities
Collectors highly value this issue for its range of variants, including:
- Center Inverted Error: The 30c lake-brown and deep bluish-green stamp (No. 229) is famous for its “center inverted” variety, valued at £59000 mint and £7500 used.
- Rare Denominations: High-denomination stamps such as the 20L black and bright mauve (No. 236) are particularly sought after for their rarity and aesthetic appeal.
- Perforation Differences: Variations in perforation add another layer of interest, with certain perforation types being rarer than others.
The Designs in Focus
20c Emmanuele Filiberto (No. 93)
This stamp features a powerful image of the Duke in armor, reflecting his role as a military strategist and defender of Savoy’s sovereignty. The use of blue and lake-brown underscores the historical gravitas of the subject.
25c Soldier and Victory (No. 94)
Symbolizing Italy’s sacrifices during World War I, this stamp combines the figure of a soldier with allegorical representations of victory. The deep bluish-green and scarlet palette evokes themes of valor and triumph.
1.25L Statue of Emmanuele Filiberto (No. 95)
Depicting a statue by sculptor Carlo Marochetti, this stamp celebrates the Duke’s enduring legacy. The statue, located in Turin, remains a landmark commemorating Filiberto’s contributions to Italian history.
Philatelic and Historical Significance
A Tribute to Unity and Heritage
This issue encapsulates key moments in Italy’s journey toward unity and modernization. By commemorating Emmanuele Filiberto and World War I, the stamps serve as both a historical record and a celebration of Italian resilience.
Collector’s Value
The 1928 Emmanuele Filiberto issue is a cornerstone of Italian philately, prized for its:
- Historical Relevance: Linking Renaissance achievements with 20th-century nationalism.
- Artistic Merit: The intricate designs reflect the high standards of Italian stamp production.
- Rarity: Variants like the “center inverted” error command significant value in the philatelic market.
Conclusion
Italy’s 1928 Emmanuele Filiberto stamp issue is a masterful blend of art, history, and philately. For collectors and historians alike, these stamps offer a window into Italy’s rich cultural heritage and the enduring legacy of figures like Emmanuele Filiberto. Whether as a symbol of unity or a work of art, this issue continues to captivate philatelists around the world.